Toilet training
In the 1 November 2008 edition of the
American Family Physician is a Toilet training is a
developmental task that
impacts families with titled
Toilet training by Beth A Choby and Shefaa George that begins:
" Toilet training is a developmental task that impacts families with
small children. All healthy children are eventually toilet trained, and most complete
the task without medical intervention. Most research on toilet training is descriptive,
although some is evidence based. In the United States, the average age at which
training begins has increased over the past four decades from earlier than 18 months
of age to between 21 and 36 months of age. Newer studies suggest no benefit of
intensive training before 27 months of age. Mastery of the developmental skills
required for toilet training occurs after 24 months of age. Girls usually complete
training earlier than boys.
" Numerous toilet-training methods are available. The Brazelton child-oriented approach uses physiologic maturity, ability to understand and respond to external feedback, and internal motivation to assess readiness. Dr. Spock's toilet-training approach is another popular method used by parents. The American Academy of Pediatrics incorporates components of the child-oriented approach into its guidelines for toilet training. "Toilet training in a day," a method by Azrin and Foxx, emphasizes operant conditioning and teaches specific toileting components. Because each family and child are unique, recommendations about the ideal time or optimal method must be customized. Family physicians should provide guidance about toilet-training methods and identify children who have difficulty reaching developmental milestones. "
For the full review, click here.
American Family Physician 78(9):1059–1064 © 2008 American Academy of Family Physicians
Toilet training. Beth A Choby and Shefaa George.
Category: D. Digestive. Keywords: toilet, training, clinical review.
Synopsis edited by Dr Stephen Wilkinson, Melbourne, Australia Posted on Global Family Doctor 19 March 2010
